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Ullmann's eight-category model for reflection detection in reflective writing

Research Method · All research methods
Evidence · 1 claim (1 for) · 1 study (1 design), q3 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 1 claim rests on one study

Description

The article synthesizes 24 reflective writing models into a "model for reflection detection" combining depth and breadth qualities. "In total, the model consists of eight categories": the depth dimension Reflection (reflective vs. non-reflective) and seven breadth categories — Experience, Feeling, Belief, Difficulty (critical stance), Perspective, Learning (retrospective outcomes), and Intention (prospective outcomes). The synthesis deliberately used a general model rather than one specific model, so the evaluation covers categories "common to many models" used in manual content analysis of reflective writing.

Accounts

  • Model for reflection detection: eight categories synthesized from 24 reflective writing models: The article synthesizes 24 reflective writing models into a "model for reflection detection" combining depth and breadth qualities. "In total, the model consists of eight categories": the depth dimension Reflection (reflective vs. non-reflective) and seven breadth categories — Experience, Feeling, Belief, Difficulty (critical stance), Perspective, Learning (retrospective outcomes), and Intention (prospective outcomes). The synthesis deliberately used a general model rather than one specific model, so the evaluation covers categories "common to many models" used in manual content analysis of reflective writing. (Thomas Daniel Ullmann (2019))

Claims

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Key Sources

  • Thomas Daniel Ullmann. (2019). Automated Analysis of Reflection in Writing: Validating Machine Learning Approaches. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education (2019) 29:217–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-019-00174-2
Page metadata
Field Value
type research-method
id ullmanns-eight-category-model-for-reflection-detection-in-reflective-writing
title Ullmann's eight-category model for reflection detection in reflective writing
description The article synthesizes 24 reflective writing models into a "model for reflection detection" combining depth and breadth qualities.
status review
generated by process:settle-candidates on 2026-10-27
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