Indirect explicit grammar instruction via consciousness-raising tasks (inductive rule discovery)

Design · All designs
Evidence · 3 claims (2 for, 1 mixed) · 1 study (1 causal), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 3 claims rest on one study

Description

IEGI favors "induction or the learners' discovery of the grammatical rules through tasks" without grammatical explanations: students receive data illustrating a structure, analyze it, and construct the rule themselves. Indirect consciousness-raising tasks aim "to help learners construct their own explicit grammar of the target language and to encourage communication in the L2 between learners" (Ellis, 1997). The article operationalizes this through a concept checking-based task model and contrasts it with deductive DEGI, where students are supplied a rule and apply it.

Design Implications

Context

Requirements

• Tasks must present data illustrating the target structure so learners can analyze it and arrive at a generalization
• Teacher feedback and confirmation after rule search, plus a rule summary after pair/group discussion

Constraints

• The article notes these tasks "may not be appropriate to beginners or young learners", citing Ellis (1991) and Sheen (1992) as cited in Ellis (2003)
• Effects may be delayed rather than immediate, per Thornbury (2005)

Target Learners

• EFL high school students at pre-intermediate level

Learning Goals

• Explicit knowledge of English tense and aspect forms, meanings, and use
• Accurate productive use of tenses in oral and written discourse

Claims

• Iegi Outperforms Degi Rule Analysis [+M]
• Iegi Outperforms Degi Oral Production [+M]
• Iegi Degi No Difference Predefined Context [~M]

Related Designs

Examples

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Key Sources

• Đặng, T. T. Đ., & Nguyễn, H. T. (2012). Direct versus Indirect Explicit Methods of Enhancing EFL Students' English Grammatical Competence: A Concept Checking-based Consciousness-raising Tasks Model. English Language Teaching, 6(1), 112. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n1p112

Page metadata

Field	Value
type	design
id	consciousness-raising-tasks-iegi-framework
title	Indirect explicit grammar instruction via consciousness-raising tasks (inductive rule discovery)
description	IEGI favors "induction or the learners' discovery of the grammatical rules through tasks" without grammatical explanations: students receive data illustrating a structure, analyze it, and construct the rule themselves.
status	review
generated	by process:settle-candidates on 2026-11-03
trust	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources	1 — đặng-2012

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