The Process Approach model of writing as a non-linear, recursive, three-stage process

Design · All designs
Evidence · 2 claims (2 for) · 1 study (1 causal), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 2 claims rest on one study

Description

The article presents writing as "a non-linear, recursive and generative process" comprising pre-writing, composing/writing and re-writing stages, with editing occurring at the end of each basic stage. Its Figure 1 model organizes pre-writing activities (reminiscing, brainstorming, researching, observing, imagining), composing around audience, intention and time-and-tense relations, and final writing with proofreading, polishing and peer-editing. The author uses this model as the treatment delivered to the Experimental group. Errors are expected and are terminated through recursive editing rather than prevented in advance.

Design Implications

Context

Requirements

• Students receive procedural information from the teacher before the final writing is done
• Editing is systematically carried out at every stage of the work

Constraints

• The article reports the approach tested only with senior secondary ESL students in two Nigerian state-capital schools

Target Learners

• senior secondary school ESL students

Learning Goals

• essay writing: content, organization, expression, mechanical accuracy

Claims

• Process Approach Better Essay Performance Esl [+M]
• Process Approach Pre Post Gains Experimental [+M]

Related Designs

Examples

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Key Sources

• Akinwamide, T. K. (2012). The Influence of Process Approach on English as Second Language Students' Performances in Essay Writing. English Language Teaching, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v5n3p16

Page metadata

Field	Value
type	design
id	process-approach-three-stage-model
title	The Process Approach model of writing as a non-linear, recursive, three-stage process
description	The article presents writing as "a non-linear, recursive and generative process" comprising pre-writing, composing/writing and re-writing stages, with editing occurring at the end of each basic stage.
status	review
generated	by process:settle-candidates on 2026-11-01
trust	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content
sources	1 — akinwamide-2012

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