The handwriting programming language (HPL) system

Product or Programme · All products and programmes
Evidence · 4 claims (4 for) · 1 study (1 causal), q2 · 0 of 1 report an effect size · 4 claims rest on one study

Description

The HPL system is a web-based computer-vision programming interface developed by Brender et al. that lets primary-school learners write program instructions by hand and execute the decoded commands through virtual or physical educational robots.

Components

Claims

• HPL students learned as much as Scratch students, with equivalent improvement in both conditions [+W]
• Over 80% of pre-service teachers were willing to use HPL to teach CS, irrespective of gender or prior experience [+W]
• Pre-service teachers showed a slight preference for HPL over an equivalent paper-based TPL in direct comparison [+W]
• Students perceived HPL as positively as Scratch across TAM dimensions [+W]

Related Products and Programmes

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Key Sources

• Brender, J., El-Hamamsy, L., Giang, C., Mathex, L., Käser, T., & Mondada, F. (2025). The handwriting programming language for primary school: aligning computer science education with established teaching practices. Education Tech Research Dev. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-025-10503-z

Page metadata

Field	Value
type	product
id	the-handwriting-programming-language-hpl-system
title	The handwriting programming language (HPL) system
description	The HPL system is a web-based computer-vision programming interface developed by Brender et al.
status	review
product_kind	software
generated	by process:settle-candidates on 2026-10-28
trust	unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content

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