Process-model and distribution-matching method for testing moderation of testing efficacy¶
Research Method · All research methods
Evidence · 2 claims (2 for) · 1 study (1 causal),q3· 0 of 1 report an effect size · 2 claims rest on one study
Description¶
When both restudy and test condition means shift in the same direction across levels of another factor, an ANOVA interaction on proportion correct is theoretically uninterpretable, because the mapping from latent memory strength to accuracy is non-linear and unknown. The article instead evaluates an empirically supported process model as a yardstick and applies a matching strategy via cumulative proportion-correct distributions. This revealed a real relatedness × testing-efficacy interaction that "a traditional ANOVA interaction" masked.
Accounts¶
- Do not infer whether a factor moderates testing efficacy from an ANOVA interaction on proportion correct; use a process model plus distribution matching instead: When both restudy and test condition means shift in the same direction across levels of another factor, an ANOVA interaction on proportion correct is theoretically uninterpretable, because the mapping from latent memory strength to accuracy is non-linear and unknown. The article instead evaluates an empirically supported process model as a yardstick and applies a matching strategy via cumulative proportion-correct distributions. This revealed a real relatedness × testing-efficacy interaction that "a traditional ANOVA interaction" masked. (Gupta et al. (2026))
Claims¶
- The quadratic relation between restudy and test performance masks the relatedness effect in mean testing-effect magnitudes, because more high-relatedness participants fall in the PCR range where testing effects are largest [+M]
- Retrieval practice with feedback improves 24-hour cued recall more than restudy, and high semantic relatedness raises overall accuracy, but the Training Task × Relatedness ANOVA interaction is non-significant [+M]
Related Research Methods¶
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Key Sources¶
- Gupta, M.W., Pan, S.C., & Rickard, T.C. (2026). Semantic relatedness and the efficacy of retrieval practice. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-026-00416-8
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
research-method |
id |
process-model-and-distribution-matching-method-for-testing-moderation-of-testing-efficacy |
title |
Process-model and distribution-matching method for testing moderation of testing efficacy |
description |
When both restudy and test condition means shift in the same direction across levels of another factor, an ANOVA interaction on proportion correct is theoretically uninterpretable, because the mapping from latent memory strength to accuracy is non-linear and unknown. |
status |
review |
generated |
by process:settle-candidates on 2026-10-27 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
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