Polygenic risk scores for educational attainment and cognitive performance show the most consistent associations with language traits, and these associations are stronger for English than Chinese literacy phenotypes¶

Claim · All claims
Evidence · 1 study (2 entries) · associational r2 · q2
Currency · newest study 2024 · not yet checked against its sources · not reviewed by a person

Subclaims¶

q2 i? PRS of educational attainment was significantly associated with 20 of 34 language traits and PRS of cognitive performance with 16 traits (FDR < 0.1) under clumping and thresholding. → Yu-Ping Lin 2024 q2 i? PRS associations of EA and CP were significantly associated with English-related phenotypes but EA PRS was not significantly associated with Chinese-related phenotypes in aggregate tests. → Yu-Ping Lin 2024 (2)

Evidence¶

Yu-Ping Lin 2024¶

Yu-Ping Lin, Yujia Shi, Ruoyu Zhang, Xiao Xue, Shitao Rao, Liangying Yin, Kelvin Fai Hong Lui, Dora Jue Pan, Urs Maurer, Kwong-Wai Choy, Silvia Paracchini, Catherine McBride & Hon-Cheong So. (2024). A genome-wide association study of Chinese and English language phenotypes in Hong Kong Chinese children. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00229-7

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Polygenic risk score analysis in the Hong Kong child sample using the clumping and thresholding approach found EA PRS associated with "20 out of 34 traits" and CP PRS with 16 traits at FDR < 0.1; all associations were in the expected direction (higher EA/CP PRS, better reading/language abilities). No standardized effect size was printed.

"For example, PRS constructed from GWAS of EA was signi ficantly associated with 20 out of 34 traits (at F D R<0 . 1a to n eo rm o r ep thresholds), while PRS of CP was significantly associated with 16 traits (FDR < 0.1)"

Yu-Ping Lin 2024 (2)¶

Yu-Ping Lin, Yujia Shi, Ruoyu Zhang, Xiao Xue, Shitao Rao, Liangying Yin, Kelvin Fai Hong Lui, Dora Jue Pan, Urs Maurer, Kwong-Wai Choy, Silvia Paracchini, Catherine McBride & Hon-Cheong So. (2024). A genome-wide association study of Chinese and English language phenotypes in Hong Kong Chinese children. npj Science of Learning. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-024-00229-7

q2 · i? · associational · r2

Aggregate p-value tests (Simes/ACAT) over SBayesR results contrasted English- and Chinese-related traits: EA PRS was significant for English traits ("Simesp = 3.34e-4") but not Chinese traits (Simes p = 3.55e-1); CP PRS was significant for both but stronger for English traits. This is the article's novel finding of a language-specificity difference.

"PRS of EA was signi ficantly associated with English-related phenotypes (Simesp = 3.34e-4; ACATp = 1.90e-4) but not with Chinese-related phenotypes (Simesp = 3.55e-1; ACATp = 1.45e-1)"

Discussion¶

Learner Variables¶

• Vocabulary — predictor: learners who differ on it differ in outcomes

Related Claims¶

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