Three-component decomposition of teacher grade effects¶
Research Method · All research methods
Evidence · 6 claims (6 for) · 1 study (1 associational),q3· 1 of 1 report an effect size · 6 claims rest on one study
Description¶
The article conceptualizes teacher influence on student grades in three ways: total effects on ninth-grade course grades, persistent effects on students' grades in the same subject the following fall, and grading mismatch between the grades given and students' subsequent performance. The authors adapt the long- and short-run value-added approach of Gilraine and Pope (2021) from test scores to grades, so that mismatch 'identifies differences in measurement (grading inflation/deflation) while persistent effects identify differences in effectiveness.'
Accounts¶
- Three-component decomposition of teacher grade effects: total, persistent, and mismatch: The article conceptualizes teacher influence on student grades in three ways: total effects on ninth-grade course grades, persistent effects on students' grades in the same subject the following fall, and grading mismatch between the grades given and students' subsequent performance. The authors adapt the long- and short-run value-added approach of Gilraine and Pope (2021) from test scores to grades, so that mismatch 'identifies differences in measurement (grading inflation/deflation) while persistent effects identify differences in effectiveness.' (McKenzie et al. (2025))
Claims¶
- Long-term effects of grading mismatch are smaller and more nuanced than those of persistent effects [+W]
- Grading mismatch correlates negatively with persistent effects, and total effects reflect mismatch more than persistent effects [+W]
- Teachers' persistent grade effects predict students' long-term outcomes [+W]
- Teacher grade effects show spillovers to students' broader ninth-grade outcomes [+W]
- Ninth-grade teachers' grade effects are stable across years [+W]
- Ninth-grade teachers vary substantially and systematically in the grades they give [+W]
Related Research Methods¶
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Key Sources¶
- McKenzie, R. & Allensworth, E. (2025). Variability in the Grades Teachers Give: Teacher Grade Value-Add, Mismatch, and Long-Term Effects. American Educational Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312251345094
Page metadata
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
type |
research-method |
id |
three-component-decomposition-of-teacher-grade-effects |
title |
Three-component decomposition of teacher grade effects |
description |
The article conceptualizes teacher influence on student grades in three ways: total effects on ninth-grade course grades, persistent effects on students' grades in the same subject the following fall, and grading mismatch between the grades given and students' subsequent performance. |
status |
review |
moved_from |
theory/teacher-grade-effects-three-component-decomposition |
generated |
by process:sweep-kinds on 2026-10-10 |
trust |
unverified — no one has confirmed this page's content |
sources |
1 — mckenzie-2025 |
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