Theories: G

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• Gagne's nine Events of Instruction as a lesson-design schema - The digest presents Robert Gagne's Events of Instruction as the dominant framework through the end of the twentieth century.
• Gardner's Integrative-Instrumental model and its context-dependence - Gardner and Lambert's socio-educational model divides L2 motivation into integrative orientation ("a desire to learn the L2 in order to identify with members from the L2 community") and instrumental o
• Gardner's Multiple Intelligences theory: eight named intelligences with a possible ninth - The review briefly outlines Gardner's MI theory before presenting critics.
• GBSRI framework: four stages with seven steps integrating SFL genre-based teaching-learning cycles with social-cognitive self-regulated learning phases - GBSRI integrates three genre-based teaching-learning cycles (Macken-Horarik 2002, Derewianka 2003, Hyland 2004) with three self-regulated learning models (Schmitz & Wiese 2006; Schunk & Zimmerman 2007
• Genealogical framework for analyzing the home/school relation and parent involvement - The article offers a genealogical account of the home/school relation, tracing how ideas about this relationship and parent involvement have been constructed over time.
• General goals of industrial arts: career emphasis and industrial-technological emphasis - Chapter III presents two inter-related types of general goals for the entire K-12 industrial arts program.
• Generalized non-constant α model framing learning as an error-reduction process - In Section VI the article generalizes the γ-process as a special case of the α-process with α linearly dependent on score, allowing α to be a function of the score including constant, linear, and high
• Generative learning as actively making sense of information via eight learning strategies - The chapter adopts Fiorella and Mayer's account of generative learning as learning that involves "actively making sense of to-be-learned information by mentally reorganizing and integrating it with on
• Generative stylistics: writing instruction as the presentation and application of usable criteria for decisions about language use - The paper names and advocates 'generative stylistics', an approach to writing instruction built on the view that style is 'the manifetation and result of the choices nade by-the speaker/writer'.
• Germane load operationalized as learning effects measured by test-score increases - The article operationalizes germane load as learning effects: the portion of working memory resources devoted to schema construction during a learning phase, whose behavioral signature is improvement
• Gilligan's Ethic of Care - Gilligan proposed a morality of care — centered on responsibility, interdependence, and responsiveness to others' needs — as a complement to Kohlberg's justice-centered account, organized into three p
• Ginott's Congruent Communication - Ginott's communication skills approach holds that learners can control their own behavior when teachers let them, and that congruent communication — sane messages, accepting feelings, avoiding labels,
• Giroux's critical pedagogy is a program of rhetorical education in which pedagogy is a form of cultural production - The paper interprets Henry Giroux's critical pedagogy as explicitly rhetorical education.
• Glasser's Choice Theory and Cooperative Learning - Glasser's reality-therapy approach holds that effective classroom managers build an environment students would regret leaving — through mutually agreed-upon rules, cooperative learning instead of comp
• Global competence is defined as the capacity and disposition to understand and act on issues of global significance - The presentation offers a compact definition of global competence: "The capacity and disposition to understand and act on issues of global significance." It frames global competence as a rationale for
• Goal frame for historical explanations: Goal, Plan, Action, Outcome slots - The Goal frame is an abbreviated story grammar adapted for history text, with four slots assumed to constitute the "main ideas" of an historical explanation.
• Goal Orientation Theory - Goal Orientation Theory holds that the reason a learner pursues an achievement goal — mastering material versus outperforming or avoiding negative judgment from others — shapes learning and motivation
• Goal-Action-Outcome frame: explanations of many historical events have a generic structure of goal, action, and outcome - The analysis of Why-Action explanation questions rests on a generic structure attributed to Armbruster and Anderson (1982): "explanations of many historical events have a generic structure consisting
• Goal-directed coaching process staged as joint planning, action/practice, observation, individual reflection, feedback, and reflective discussion in a loop - The article adapts Hanft, Rush, and Shelden's (2004) coaching stages framework and adds a stage to produce its own process model.
• Goffman's dramaturgical model: front and back regions and the two-part self - The essay presents Goffman's theatrical metaphor as an entire incongruous model of society: "Social life is viewed in terms of performers and teams wt, utilize front and back regions to foster an impr
• Goffman's role distance concept: behaviors perceived as expressing detachment, disaffection, or resistance against a situated role - The paper presents Goffman's role distance concept as the analytical tool proposed for operationalizing authenticity.
• Gombert's stage model: metalinguistic awareness develops after linguistic competence, via epilinguistic awareness - The paper adopts Gombert's (1992) account in which children pass from an initial stage of epilinguistic awareness, which "does not involve conscious awareness or intentional manipulation of language a
• Graduated classroom-design framework matching environmental control to three levels of emotional disturbance - The booklet organizes all its design schemes around a single axis: the degree of emotional disturbance of the children served.
• Graphical modeling as learning the conditional dependence structure of multivariate relations - The article frames graphical modeling as a framework for characterizing multivariate relations: "The basic idea is to characterize multivariate relations by learning the conditional dependence structu
• Grasha's five teaching styles (expert, formal authority, personal, facilitator, delegator) - Grasha's model classifies teaching styles as consistent, observable teacher behaviors rather than personal traits.
• Greenwald's cognitive response account: rehearsal of the recipient's own cognitive responses explains persisting persuasion effects - The paper reproduces Greenwald's (1968) analysis of persuasion as a complex stimulus evoking a complex cognitive response, whose essential dimensions are response content (acceptance versus rejection)
• Group processing as a structured peer- and self-assessment process focused on the learning process rather than outputs - Group processing is defined as a crucial element of cooperative learning in which students evaluate the effectiveness of the learning process by describing helpful and unhelpful strategies, deciding w
• Group-based, teacher-paced mastery learning model (Bloom) - The article describes Bloom's group-based, teacher-paced mastery learning model as an alternative to individually paced models such as PSI for postsecondary settings.
• Guided participation and traditional apprenticeship as core CA concepts - Guided participation refers to the processes and systems of involvement between learners as they communicate and coordinate efforts in culturally valued activity; the article calls it the social eleme
• Guided practice framework: five interacting elements for analyzing close-to-the-classroom work with teachers - The authors define guided practice as face-to-face, close-to-the-classroom work on teaching and learning to teach, carried out under labels such as clinical supervision, coaching, advising and mentori
• Guiding analytics for learners - The review proposes a new class of learning analytics, guiding analytics for learners, which it "define[s] as analytics based on the analysis of student (log) data according to learning theories or co