Claims: D 3

A 1 · A 2 · A 3 · A 4 · A 5 · A 6 · A 7 · A 8 · B 1 · B 2 · C 1 · C 2 · C 3 · C 4 · C 5 · C 6 · D 1 · D 2 · D 3 · E 1 · E 2 · E 3 · E 4 · F 1 · F 2 · F 3 · G 1 · G 2 · H 1 · H 2 · I 1 · I 2 · I 3 · I 4 · I 5 · J · K · L 1 · L 2 · L 3 · M 1 · M 2 · M 3 · M 4 · N 1 · N 2 · O 1 · O 2 · P 1 · P 2 · P 3 · P 4 · P 5 · Q · R 1 · R 2 · R 3 · S 1 · S 2 · S 3 · S 4 · S 5 · S 6 · S 7 · S 8 · T 1 · T 2 · T 3 · T 4 · T 5 · T 6 · T 7 · T 8 · T 9 · T 10 · U · V · W 1 · W 2 · X · Y · Z · 0-9

• During FUSE making activities, students engaged in frequent and diverse spatial reasoning, with 9393 coded instances across 13 types spanning all four quadrants of the spatial-skills matrix - During FUSE making activities, students engaged in frequent and diverse spatial reasoning, with 9393 coded instances across 13 types spanning all four quadrants of the spatial-skills matrix
• During group discussion, students either relied primarily on their own synthesis artifacts or frequently drew on peers' syntheses, with use patterns related to artifact nature and emergent group roles - During group discussion, students either relied primarily on their own synthesis artifacts or frequently drew on peers' syntheses, with use patterns related to artifact nature and emergent group roles
• During inquiry-informed learning, students' interest, self-efficacy, and belonging were increasingly coordinated over time - During inquiry-informed learning, students' interest, self-efficacy, and belonging were increasingly coordinated over time
• During its first seven years, the Kauffman School had substantial positive impacts on student achievement growth in mathematics, English language arts, and science beyond growth in other Kansas City public schools - During its first seven years, the Kauffman School had substantial positive impacts on student achievement growth in mathematics, English language arts, and science beyond growth in other Kansas City p
• During member checks, multilingual 8th-grade students contested both LLM classifications of their talk and the coding scheme itself, especially the Off-task and Claim codes - During member checks, multilingual 8th-grade students contested both LLM classifications of their talk and the coding scheme itself, especially the Off-task and Claim codes
• During motor practice with knowledge of results, all groups reduced absolute error across blocks, and groups whose KR decision fell after the trial were more accurate during practice than groups whose decision fell before it, independent of choice. - During motor practice with knowledge of results, all groups reduced absolute error across blocks, and groups whose KR decision fell after the trial were more accurate during practice than groups whose
• During observed playlist sessions, students were mostly on task and concentrating, though off-task behavior rose when the digital notebook was repeated - During observed playlist sessions, students were mostly on task and concentrating, though off-task behavior rose when the digital notebook was repeated
• During pairing, both teachers and students favored shared decision-making over full student control for roles, partners, and collaboration content. - During pairing, both teachers and students favored shared decision-making over full student control for roles, partners, and collaboration content.
• During peer-feedback processing, students deal with errors in one of two patterns: immediately knowing whether they agree with feedback, or first having to study the feedback more thoroughly - During peer-feedback processing, students deal with errors in one of two patterns: immediately knowing whether they agree with feedback, or first having to study the feedback more thoroughly
• During peer-feedback provision, students deal with errors in one of two patterns: quick discovery (identification simultaneous with decoding, often without evaluation) or elaborate discovery (identification resulting from an interpreting/evaluating phase) - During peer-feedback provision, students deal with errors in one of two patterns: quick discovery (identification simultaneous with decoding, often without evaluation) or elaborate discovery (identifi
• During Phase I reform, a subset of very disadvantaged, racially isolated African-American schools showed weak improvement - During Phase I reform, a subset of very disadvantaged, racially isolated African-American schools showed weak improvement
• During REMind, nearly all children reported feeling sad for the victim and attributed bystander inaction mainly to low confidence or fear of retaliation - During REMind, nearly all children reported feeling sad for the victim and attributed bystander inaction mainly to low confidence or fear of retaliation
• During remote learning, students at all grade levels spent about four hours per day in synchronous online instruction regardless of district requirements - During remote learning, students at all grade levels spent about four hours per day in synchronous online instruction regardless of district requirements
• During revision, supported groups (AI, human expert, checklist) engage more in elaboration, organisation and orientation, while AI and human-expert groups read less than the control group - During revision, supported groups (AI, human expert, checklist) engage more in elaboration, organisation and orientation, while AI and human-expert groups read less than the control group
• During spring 2020 remote instruction, internet connectivity and hardware/software problems interfered with course participation for large shares of undergraduates - During spring 2020 remote instruction, internet connectivity and hardware/software problems interfered with course participation for large shares of undergraduates
• During the course, curiosity, enjoyment, confusion and anxiety decreased over time, boredom increased, and surprise and frustration remained stationary. - During the course, curiosity, enjoyment, confusion and anxiety decreased over time, boredom increased, and surprise and frustration remained stationary.
• During the early stage of therapy, more severely maladjusted clients elicit higher levels of therapist complementarity - During the early stage of therapy, more severely maladjusted clients elicit higher levels of therapist complementarity
• During the final fatigue test, time per problem rose gradually, then markedly, with no obvious correlation between time and accuracy - During the final fatigue test, time per problem rose gradually, then markedly, with no obvious correlation between time and accuracy
• During the first pandemic wave, negative achievement emotions were more frequent than positive ones, moderated by gender and area of study - During the first pandemic wave, negative achievement emotions were more frequent than positive ones, moderated by gender and area of study
• During the first two years of the i3 scale-up, TFA expanded its corps by 25 percent but fell short of annual targets for increasing the number of teachers and teacher effectiveness - During the first two years of the i3 scale-up, TFA expanded its corps by 25 percent but fell short of annual targets for increasing the number of teachers and teacher effectiveness
• During the intervention year, EL preschoolers' DRDP scores were predicted to increase more than Non-ELs' scores in all five DRDP domains after controlling for pretest, with statistically significant differences in ATL-REG and PD - During the intervention year, EL preschoolers' DRDP scores were predicted to increase more than Non-ELs' scores in all five DRDP domains after controlling for pretest, with statistically significant d
• During the intervention, linear algebra exam performance rose distinctly above overall first-year performance, a pattern the authors interpret as intervention impact beyond cohort differences - During the intervention, linear algebra exam performance rose distinctly above overall first-year performance, a pattern the authors interpret as intervention impact beyond cohort differences
• During the middle stage of therapy, successful therapists respond at a significantly lower level of complementarity than unsuccessful therapists - During the middle stage of therapy, successful therapists respond at a significantly lower level of complementarity than unsuccessful therapists
• During the pandemic, Grade 4 students with SEN-L experienced less favorable home learning environments and lower parental support than non-SEN students, while Grade 9 group differences were largely non-significant - During the pandemic, Grade 4 students with SEN-L experienced less favorable home learning environments and lower parental support than non-SEN students, while Grade 9 group differences were largely no
• During the pilot, interaction sessions remained bounded in duration and frequency, and dependency-related risk signals were rare and addressed through prompts encouraging human contact - During the pilot, interaction sessions remained bounded in duration and frequency, and dependency-related risk signals were rare and addressed through prompts encouraging human contact
• During the prior year before the intervention, EL-Non-EL gaps widened in all DRDP domains and ELs were expected to grow less than Non-ELs, significantly for PD only - During the prior year before the intervention, EL-Non-EL gaps widened in all DRDP domains and ELs were expected to grow less than Non-ELs, significantly for PD only
• During-simulation physiological synchrony is positively correlated with team leaders' CRM performance scores (preliminary, 9 teams) - During-simulation physiological synchrony is positively correlated with team leaders' CRM performance scores (preliminary, 9 teams)
• Dwell time on the essay correlates positively with the quality of revised essays as assessed by professors - Dwell time on the essay correlates positively with the quality of revised essays as assessed by professors
• Dyad composition by gender and achievement level is not a confounding variable for knowledge acquisition after Web-based collaborative inquiry - Dyad composition by gender and achievement level is not a confounding variable for knowledge acquisition after Web-based collaborative inquiry
• Dyad pairs with one member high in both social and cognitive CPS skills show more actions and higher frequency of action transitions than other pairs - Dyad pairs with one member high in both social and cognitive CPS skills show more actions and higher frequency of action transitions than other pairs
• Dyadic teacher-student closeness is consistently positively associated with elementary students' regulation of motivation - Dyadic teacher-student closeness is consistently positively associated with elementary students' regulation of motivation
• Dyads collaborating via flexible written paper media exhibit invariant communicative practices across media, participants and topics - Dyads collaborating via flexible written paper media exhibit invariant communicative practices across media, participants and topics
• Dyads given the full Process Coordinator used the regulative tool about three times as long and twice as often as dyads with the empty version - Dyads given the full Process Coordinator used the regulative tool about three times as long and twice as often as dyads with the empty version
• Dyads showing more Listen/understand and Extend/revise behaviour produced more original ideas regardless of dyad type, while no social-emotional perspective-taking measure was significantly associated with originality - Dyads showing more Listen/understand and Extend/revise behaviour produced more original ideas regardless of dyad type, while no social-emotional perspective-taking measure was significantly associated
• Dynamic (adaptive) scaffolding is linked to stronger effects of ICT-supported writing interventions - Dynamic (adaptive) scaffolding is linked to stronger effects of ICT-supported writing interventions
• Dynamic assessment can teach kindergartners the CVS within a single session - Dynamic assessment can teach kindergartners the CVS within a single session
• Dynamic assessment is useful for assessing outcome effects of cognitive education programs aimed at learning-how-to-learn skills - Dynamic assessment is useful for assessing outcome effects of cognitive education programs aimed at learning-how-to-learn skills
• Dynamic assessment reflects young children's learning potential more accurately than static tests, especially with minority and learning disabled children - Dynamic assessment reflects young children's learning potential more accurately than static tests, especially with minority and learning disabled children
• Dynamic Learning Project research found teachers who worked with edtech coaches used technology more frequently and felt more confident than peers who did not - Dynamic Learning Project research found teachers who worked with edtech coaches used technology more frequently and felt more confident than peers who did not
• Dynamic psychology research on habit formation is replacing vague verbal maxims of applied psychology with definite insights, including when practice makes perfect and when it does not. - Dynamic psychology research on habit formation is replacing vague verbal maxims of applied psychology with definite insights, including when practice makes perfect and when it does not.
• Dynamic visualizations benefit vocational-school students with lower visual-spatial ability more than those with higher visual-spatial ability - Dynamic visualizations benefit vocational-school students with lower visual-spatial ability more than those with higher visual-spatial ability
• Dynamic visualizations compensate vocational-school students with low general reasoning when learning with analogies - Dynamic visualizations compensate vocational-school students with low general reasoning when learning with analogies
• Dynamic visualizations show a small average benefit over static visualizations, with gender among the moderators - Dynamic visualizations show a small average benefit over static visualizations, with gender among the moderators
• Dysgraphia classification differs significantly across grade groups, with 80% of 1st graders, 10% of 3rd graders and 60% of 5th graders classified with dysgraphia - Dysgraphia classification differs significantly across grade groups, with 80% of 1st graders, 10% of 3rd graders and 60% of 5th graders classified with dysgraphia
• DysLexLens achieves a mean Answer Relevancy of 0.75 across 30 responses to research questions and follow-ups on dyslexia-AI Reddit data - DysLexLens achieves a mean Answer Relevancy of 0.75 across 30 responses to research questions and follow-ups on dyslexia-AI Reddit data
• DysLexLens is moderately robust to paraphrased queries (Answer Relevancy 0.58) but sensitive to keyword-perturbed queries (0.34) - DysLexLens is moderately robust to paraphrased queries (Answer Relevancy 0.58) but sensitive to keyword-perturbed queries (0.34)